What are the applications of ultrasound in the extraction of active ingredients in Chinese medicine?
The chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine are very complex, and the extraction of its effective components is an important content in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research. The effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine generally refer to chemical substances with clear chemical structural formulas and physical constants. If the concentration of the effective ingredients is not high, the dosage will be increased. At the same time, the existence of ineffective or low-effective parts will make the traditional Chinese medicine easy to absorb moisture. It is deteriorated and difficult to preserve, so it is necessary to extract and separate the effective ingredients of Chinese medicine. Many effective chemical components in traditional Chinese medicine are intracellular components, which need to be broken when extracting cells or cell membranes. However, it is often difficult for the existing chemical and mechanical methods to break cells to achieve an ideal breaking effect, which affects the extraction results.
Ultrasonic extraction has shown obvious advantages in the extraction of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine due to its unique extraction mechanism and ideal extraction effect. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology uses the strong vibration, high acceleration, strong cavitation effect, and strong stirring effect of ultrasonic to shorten the time for the effective ingredients of natural products to enter the solvent, speed up the extraction process, increase the extraction rate, and effectively avoid high temperature damage to the effective ingredients .
In recent years, with the vigorous development of modern research on natural products and ultrasonic technology, many researchers have talked about the introduction of technology into the process of extracting active ingredients, an important part of the production of natural products.
Fundamental
In the product component extraction process, the cell wall is broken and the cell content is extracted efficiently and quickly. Since the first generation of ultrasound in 1830, it has been widely used in many fields, such as food, medical and health, and home appliances. It is manifested in ultrasonic extraction, ultrasonic drying, ultrasonic sterilization, ultrasonic filtration, ultrasonic cleaning and so on. Among them, the ultrasonic extraction method uses the cavitation, mechanical, and thermal effects of ultrasonic waves to increase the frequency and speed of the movement of material molecules, increase the penetration of the solvent, and improve the leaching rate of the target component.
It has the advantages of time-saving, energy-saving, and high extraction efficiency. It is a fast and efficient new extraction method, and there is no heating process in the extraction, which can avoid the changes in the structure of the drug components caused by heating factors, and can be used for the extraction of heat sensitive components. Ultrasonic extraction has been widely used in sample processing for quality inspection of traditional Chinese medicine.
In recent years, its application in the extraction process of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has also attracted more and more attention, and important progress has been made. The ultrasonic wave used in the extraction of plant samples is generally generated by a magnetic material through a converter. The effective frequency is generally in the range of 20-50kHz. It is widely believed that its cavitation, thermal and mechanical effects are the ultrasonic technology in the extraction of traditional Chinese medicine. Three theoretical basis.
