The application principle of ultrasonic cleaning and the correct use of ultrasonic equipment
Application principle of ultrasonic cleaning
The application principle of ultrasonic cleaning is that the high-frequency oscillation signal sent by the ultrasonic generator is converted into high-frequency mechanical oscillation by the transducer and propagated to the medium. The ultrasonic wave in the cleaning solvent radiates forward in the dense and dense phases of the cleaning liquid to make the liquid The flow produces tens of thousands of tiny bubbles. The tiny bubbles (cavitation nuclei) in the liquid vibrate under the action of the sound field. When the sound pressure reaches a certain value, the bubbles grow rapidly and then suddenly close. When the bubbles close Generate shock waves, generate thousands of atmospheric pressures around it, and high temperatures of hundreds of degrees. Use the closed explosive shock waves to destroy insoluble dirt and make them dispersed in the cleaning fluid. When the group particles are wrapped in oil and adhere to the cleaning parts On the surface, the oil is emulsified, and the solid particles are separated, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the surface of the cleaning part. Due to the inherent penetrating power of ultrasonic, it can clean all kinds of objects with complex surfaces and special shapes. It has a good cleaning effect on small holes and gaps, and it has the best cleaning effect on objects that do not absorb sound or have a small sound absorption coefficient.
Use ultrasonic equipment correctly. If you have any questions you don’t understand, you can consult Jining Hengshuo Ultrasonic Machinery Co., Ltd., and we will serve you wholeheartedly.
1. Understand ultrasound
Using ultrasound can be divided into three types, namely infrasound, sonic, and ultrasonic. The frequency of infrasound waves is below 20Hz; the frequency of sound waves is 20Hz~20kHz; the frequency of ultrasonic waves is above 20kHz. Among them, infrasound waves and ultrasonic waves are generally inaudible to human ears. Because of the high frequency and short wavelength, the ultrasonic wave has good transmission direction and strong penetrating ability. This is why the ultrasonic cleaning machine is designed and manufactured.
2. How does ultrasonic cleaning work?
Ultrasonic cleaning is the use of the socialization, acceleration and direct flow of ultrasound in the liquid to directly and indirectly affect the liquid and dirt, so that the dirt layer is dispersed, emulsified, and peeled to achieve the purpose of cleaning. In the ultrasonic cleaning machines currently used, cavitation and direct flow are more used.
(1) Cavitation: Cavitation is the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the liquid in a high-frequency conversion method of compressive force and depressurizing interaction of more than 20,000 times per second. When the pressure is reduced, the vacuum core group bubbles are generated in the liquid. When the compression force is applied, the vacuum core group bubbles produce a strong impact force when crushed by pressure, thereby peeling off the dirt on the surface of the object to be cleaned, so as to achieve precision Purpose of cleaning.
(2) Direct flow effect: The phenomenon that ultrasonic waves flow in the liquid along the sound propagation direction is called direct flow. When the sound wave intensity is 0.5W/cm2, the naked eye can see the straight-in flow, which is perpendicular to the vibrating surface, and the flow rate is about 10cm/s. Through this straight flow, the oily dirt on the surface of the object to be cleaned is stirred, and the cleaning liquid on the surface of the dirt also produces convection. The dissolving liquid that dissolves the dirt is mixed with the new liquid, which speeds up the dissolution rate, and plays a very important role in the transportation of the dirt. Great effect.
(3) Acceleration: The acceleration caused by the pushing of liquid particles. For the higher frequency ultrasonic cleaning machine, the cavitation effect is very insignificant. At this time, the cleaning mainly relies on the acceleration of the liquid particles under the ultrasonic action to impact the particles to perform ultra-precision cleaning of the dirt.
3. What is the principle of an ultrasonic cleaning machine
Ultrasonic transducer converts high-frequency oscillating electrical signals into high-frequency mechanical oscillations, which radiate in the cleaning liquid in the form of longitudinal waves. During the half-wave expansion of the radiation wave, the compactness of the cleaning liquid is destroyed and numerous bubbles with a diameter of 50-500m are formed. This bubble is filled with solution vapor. During the half-wave period of compression, the bubble closes at a rapid rate, causing a local hydraulic impact of hundreds of Mpa. This phenomenon is called the cavitation effect. Under the continuous action of the cavitation effect, the dirt on the surface or concealed part of the workpiece is burst and peeled off. At the same time, under the action of ultrasound, the penetration of the cleaning liquid is strengthened; the pulsating stirring is intensified; the dissolution, dispersion and emulsification are accelerated; thus, the workpiece is thoroughly cleaned.
4. What are the parts of the ultrasonic cleaning machine?
Ultra wave cleaning machine is mainly composed of two parts, an ultrasonic cleaning tank and an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic cleaning tank is made of high-quality stainless steel with good elasticity and corrosion resistance. The bottom is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer vibrator; the ultrasonic generator generates high frequency and high voltage, which is transmitted to the transducer through the cable connection line, and the transducer and the vibration plate are together Generate high-frequency resonance, so that the solvent in the cleaning tank is cleaned of dirt by the action of ultrasonic waves.
5. What are the characteristics of the ultrasonic cleaning machine
Compared with various chemical, physical, electrochemical and physical cleaning methods, ultrasonic cleaning has the following unique advantages:
can quickly and thoroughly remove all kinds of dirt on the surface of the workpiece.
can clean precision parts with cavities, grooves and other complicated shapes.
No damage to the surface of the workpiece.
Various cleaning agents can be used.
Clean at room temperature or proper heating (around 60°C).
The integrated structure of the whole machine is easy to move.
Save solvents, clean paper, energy, workplace and labor, etc.
6. How to use an ultrasonic cleaner
Using the ultrasonic cleaning machine should be operated strictly according to the following requirements.
(1) Connect the cable between the cleaning tank and the generator;
(2) Pour the cleaning solution into the cleaning tank (the amount of cleaning solution poured is the same as when the object to be cleaned is placed, the position of the liquid level is about three-quarters of the whole is better);
(3) Put the objects to be cleaned into the cleaning tank;
(4) Plug in the power plug;
(5) Set the cleaning time and start the machine.
7. What problems should be paid attention to when using ultrasonic cleaners
(1) Ultrasonic cleaner power supply and electric heater power supply must have a good grounding device.
(2) It is strictly forbidden to turn on the ultrasonic cleaning machine without cleaning fluid, that is, the cleaning tank does not add a certain amount of cleaning fluid, and the ultrasonic switch must not be turned on.
(3) It is strictly forbidden to turn on the heating switch when there is no liquid in the cleaning equipment with heating equipment.
(4) It is forbidden to hit the bottom of the cleaning tank with heavy objects (iron parts) to avoid damage to the energy converter chip.
(5) The ultrasonic generator power supply should use a 220V/50Hz power supply alone and be equipped with a voltage stabilizer above 2000W.
(6) The bottom of the cleaning tank should be flushed regularly without excessive debris or dirt.
(7) Each time a new fluid is changed, the parts can be washed after the ultrasonic is activated.
8. The best way to make ultrasonic cleaning effect
(1) The temperature of the ultrasonic cleaning tank is preferably 30~50℃.
(2) Choose the correct cleaning agent according to different cleaning objects. Cleaning agents are generally divided into water-based (alkaline) cleaning agents, organic solvent cleaning agents and chemical reaction cleaning agents. Water-based cleaners are usually the most used.
(3) Choose different cleaning times according to the pollution degree and nature of the objects to be cleaned.
9. Tips for saving cleaning fluid
The cleaning liquid of the ultrasonic cleaning machine can be recycled. This cleaning method can save a lot of cleaning liquid. After each use of the cleaning machine, it is best to put the cleaning liquid in the container and pour it into the cleaning tank when it is used next time. The sediment can be disposed of. If the concentration of the cleaning solution is not enough, add an appropriate amount to reuse it.
